Làm thử Tốt nghiệp THPT 2025 · Tiếng Anh · Mã đề 1104

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best arrangement of utterances or sentences to make a cohesive and coherent exchange or text in each of the following questions from 1 to 5.

Question 1.

a. Marvelli has now become a more dynamic and prosperous city, offering greater opportunities for both residents and investors.
b. These vital improvements have notably boosted Marvelli's economy, fostering the growth of local businesses and attracting foreign investment.
c. To accommodate this growth, city planners have replaced the older terraced housing with modern high-rise buildings and expanded public facilities such as schools and hospitals.
d. Recognising the increasing traffic congestion, the city council has had the main roads widened and an intelligent traffic monitoring system installed to optimise traffic flow.
e. Over the past decade, the city of Marvelli has undergone a considerable transformation, experiencing an upsurge in population and an overload on the existing transport infrastructure.

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best arrangement of utterances or sentences to make a cohesive and coherent exchange or text in each of the following questions from 1 to 5.

Question 2.

a. Mary: Thank you very much for your help!
b. John: Well, keep straight on to the roundabout, then take the second exit on the left. It's a big building with a red roof on your right.
c. Mary: Excuse me, could you show me the way to the public library?

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best arrangement of utterances or sentences to make a cohesive and coherent exchange or text in each of the following questions from 1 to 5.

Question 3.

a. Susan: I exercise regularly by jogging, swimming or doing martial arts. How about you?
b. Susan: That sounds great! I think daily exercise and a healthy diet are the key to staying healthy.
c. Louis: I do yoga at home every day, and I follow a low-fat diet.
d. Louis: You look awesome. What do you do to keep fit?
e. Louis: Absolutely! Physical well-being is essential for a happy life.

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best arrangement of utterances or sentences to make a cohesive and coherent exchange or text in each of the following questions from 1 to 5.

Question 4.

a. This occasion, as a result, has made me more grateful to farmers and helped me understand what the saying "no pain, no gain" practically means.
b. It had, in fact, never occurred to me that farming would be so physically demanding.
c. I had to do the land ploughing, fertiliser spreading and grass uprooting in the burning summer heat.
d. Having hands-on experience on a farm for a fortnight really exhausted me, but at the same time made me more appreciative of farming.
e. Farming was such hard work that it made me sweat all the time and even lose a few kilos.

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best arrangement of utterances or sentences to make a cohesive and coherent exchange or text in each of the following questions from 1 to 5.

Question 5.

Dear Mr Smith,

a. In case you have not received your chip-based card, contact our Customer Service at 0123247247.
b. This will automatically deactivate your magnetic stripe card, which can then be safely destroyed by your cutting it in half.
c. Your current magnetic stripe card expires on August 31st, whether the chip-based one is activated.
d. Should you have received the chip-based credit card, please use it instantly.
e. We would like to inform you that due to our operating system conversion, your magnetic stripe credit card has been replaced with a chip-based one, which has been on delivery to you.

Yours sincerely,
XYZ Bank

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 6 to 10.

All holidays involve some element of risk, whether in the form of illness, bad weather, being unable to get what we want if we delay booking, or (6) ______. We ask ourselves what risks we would run if we went there, if there is a high likelihood of their occurrence, if the risks are avoidable and how significant the consequences would be.

Some tourists, of course, relish a degree of risk, as this gives an edge of excitement to the holiday, (7) ______. Others, however, are risk averse and will studiously avoid risk wherever possible. Clearly, the significance of the risk will be a key factor. (8) ______. The risk averse will book early, choose to return to the same resort and hotel they have visited, knowing its reliability, or book a package tour rather than travel independently.

(9) ______. There is evidence that much of the continuing reluctance shown by some tourists to seek information and make bookings through Internet providers can be attributed to, in part, the lack of face-to-face contact with a trusted – and, hopefully, expert – travel agent and, in part, (10) ______ in favour of the information provider.

(Adapted from The business of tourism)

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 6 to 10.

All holidays involve some element of risk, whether in the form of illness, bad weather, being unable to get what we want if we delay booking, or (6) ______. We ask ourselves what risks we would run if we went there, if there is a high likelihood of their occurrence, if the risks are avoidable and how significant the consequences would be.

Some tourists, of course, relish a degree of risk, as this gives an edge of excitement to the holiday, (7) ______. Others, however, are risk averse and will studiously avoid risk wherever possible. Clearly, the significance of the risk will be a key factor. (8) ______. The risk averse will book early, choose to return to the same resort and hotel they have visited, knowing its reliability, or book a package tour rather than travel independently.

(9) ______. There is evidence that much of the continuing reluctance shown by some tourists to seek information and make bookings through Internet providers can be attributed to, in part, the lack of face-to-face contact with a trusted – and, hopefully, expert – travel agent and, in part, (10) ______ in favour of the information provider.

(Adapted from The business of tourism)

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 6 to 10.

All holidays involve some element of risk, whether in the form of illness, bad weather, being unable to get what we want if we delay booking, or (6) ______. We ask ourselves what risks we would run if we went there, if there is a high likelihood of their occurrence, if the risks are avoidable and how significant the consequences would be.

Some tourists, of course, relish a degree of risk, as this gives an edge of excitement to the holiday, (7) ______. Others, however, are risk averse and will studiously avoid risk wherever possible. Clearly, the significance of the risk will be a key factor. (8) ______. The risk averse will book early, choose to return to the same resort and hotel they have visited, knowing its reliability, or book a package tour rather than travel independently.

(9) ______. There is evidence that much of the continuing reluctance shown by some tourists to seek information and make bookings through Internet providers can be attributed to, in part, the lack of face-to-face contact with a trusted – and, hopefully, expert – travel agent and, in part, (10) ______ in favour of the information provider.

(Adapted from The business of tourism)

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 6 to 10.

All holidays involve some element of risk, whether in the form of illness, bad weather, being unable to get what we want if we delay booking, or (6) ______. We ask ourselves what risks we would run if we went there, if there is a high likelihood of their occurrence, if the risks are avoidable and how significant the consequences would be.

Some tourists, of course, relish a degree of risk, as this gives an edge of excitement to the holiday, (7) ______. Others, however, are risk averse and will studiously avoid risk wherever possible. Clearly, the significance of the risk will be a key factor. (8) ______. The risk averse will book early, choose to return to the same resort and hotel they have visited, knowing its reliability, or book a package tour rather than travel independently.

(9) ______. There is evidence that much of the continuing reluctance shown by some tourists to seek information and make bookings through Internet providers can be attributed to, in part, the lack of face-to-face contact with a trusted – and, hopefully, expert – travel agent and, in part, (10) ______ in favour of the information provider.

(Adapted from The business of tourism)

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 6 to 10.

All holidays involve some element of risk, whether in the form of illness, bad weather, being unable to get what we want if we delay booking, or (6) ______. We ask ourselves what risks we would run if we went there, if there is a high likelihood of their occurrence, if the risks are avoidable and how significant the consequences would be.

Some tourists, of course, relish a degree of risk, as this gives an edge of excitement to the holiday, (7) ______. Others, however, are risk averse and will studiously avoid risk wherever possible. Clearly, the significance of the risk will be a key factor. (8) ______. The risk averse will book early, choose to return to the same resort and hotel they have visited, knowing its reliability, or book a package tour rather than travel independently.

(9) ______. There is evidence that much of the continuing reluctance shown by some tourists to seek information and make bookings through Internet providers can be attributed to, in part, the lack of face-to-face contact with a trusted – and, hopefully, expert – travel agent and, in part, (10) ______ in favour of the information provider.

(Adapted from The business of tourism)

Read the passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 11 to 20.

We are living through a boom in greenwashing – the strategic use of comforting environmental claims to disguise business-as-usual pollution. Picture a chief executive whose company emits millions of tonnes of CO₂. Genuine decarbonisation would require bruising boardroom discussions, huge capital outlays, and a complete redesign of the firm's model. Far easier is to hire a creative agency to plaster products with labels such as "carbon-neutral" or "net-zero," calming critics, investors, and even eco-conscious children while emissions continue unsolved.

This tactic meets consumers at every turn. Airline websites promise guilt-free flights, petrol pumps boast zero-impact fuel, and even supermarket bacon is marketed as net-zero. [I] Advertising trickery is ancient, yet today's greenwashing – the practice of deliberately covering ongoing pollution in eco-friendly language – has flourished only recently. The expression surfaced in the 1980s amid oil spills and growing climate science, but the real explosion has come as public anxiety over global heating and biodiversity loss has intensified. Faced with mounting scrutiny, many boards prefer glossy PR to structural reform. Such corporate sleight of hand has become so pervasive that regulators in Europe and the United States are scrambling to tighten rules on environmental claims, yet enforcement still lags behind marketing creativity. [II] The fossil-fuel sector exemplifies the issue. After decades covertly sowing doubt about climate science, oil and gas giants have grasped that direct denial is reputationally toxic. They have therefore swapped their denial tactics for a "green" paint-sprayer, trumpeting token investments in renewables while expanding drilling.

Why does this matter? Greenwashing and climate denial share a core objective: to postpone the emission cuts urgently required to avert climate breakdown. [III] Whereas denial invites opposition, greenwashing lulls the public into believing problems are already solved. Under this collective illusion, pressure on high-emitting firms evaporates and the radical decisions needed to transform energy, transport, and food systems are delayed indefinitely. [IV] Greenwashing thus acts as a soothing lullaby, leading society toward ecological ruin with a tune of comforting half-truths. Exposing this deception is essential if clichés are to be replaced by real, measurable emission cuts.

(Adapted from https://www.greenpeace.org.uk)

Read the passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 11 to 20.

We are living through a boom in greenwashing – the strategic use of comforting environmental claims to disguise business-as-usual pollution. Picture a chief executive whose company emits millions of tonnes of CO₂. Genuine decarbonisation would require bruising boardroom discussions, huge capital outlays, and a complete redesign of the firm's model. Far easier is to hire a creative agency to plaster products with labels such as "carbon-neutral" or "net-zero," calming critics, investors, and even eco-conscious children while emissions continue unsolved.

This tactic meets consumers at every turn. Airline websites promise guilt-free flights, petrol pumps boast zero-impact fuel, and even supermarket bacon is marketed as net-zero. [I] Advertising trickery is ancient, yet today's greenwashing – the practice of deliberately covering ongoing pollution in eco-friendly language – has flourished only recently. The expression surfaced in the 1980s amid oil spills and growing climate science, but the real explosion has come as public anxiety over global heating and biodiversity loss has intensified. Faced with mounting scrutiny, many boards prefer glossy PR to structural reform. Such corporate sleight of hand has become so pervasive that regulators in Europe and the United States are scrambling to tighten rules on environmental claims, yet enforcement still lags behind marketing creativity. [II] The fossil-fuel sector exemplifies the issue. After decades covertly sowing doubt about climate science, oil and gas giants have grasped that direct denial is reputationally toxic. They have therefore swapped their denial tactics for a "green" paint-sprayer, trumpeting token investments in renewables while expanding drilling.

Why does this matter? Greenwashing and climate denial share a core objective: to postpone the emission cuts urgently required to avert climate breakdown. [III] Whereas denial invites opposition, greenwashing lulls the public into believing problems are already solved. Under this collective illusion, pressure on high-emitting firms evaporates and the radical decisions needed to transform energy, transport, and food systems are delayed indefinitely. [IV] Greenwashing thus acts as a soothing lullaby, leading society toward ecological ruin with a tune of comforting half-truths. Exposing this deception is essential if clichés are to be replaced by real, measurable emission cuts.

(Adapted from https://www.greenpeace.org.uk)

Read the passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 11 to 20.

We are living through a boom in greenwashing – the strategic use of comforting environmental claims to disguise business-as-usual pollution. Picture a chief executive whose company emits millions of tonnes of CO₂. Genuine decarbonisation would require bruising boardroom discussions, huge capital outlays, and a complete redesign of the firm's model. Far easier is to hire a creative agency to plaster products with labels such as "carbon-neutral" or "net-zero," calming critics, investors, and even eco-conscious children while emissions continue unsolved.

This tactic meets consumers at every turn. Airline websites promise guilt-free flights, petrol pumps boast zero-impact fuel, and even supermarket bacon is marketed as net-zero. [I] Advertising trickery is ancient, yet today's greenwashing – the practice of deliberately covering ongoing pollution in eco-friendly language – has flourished only recently. The expression surfaced in the 1980s amid oil spills and growing climate science, but the real explosion has come as public anxiety over global heating and biodiversity loss has intensified. Faced with mounting scrutiny, many boards prefer glossy PR to structural reform. Such corporate sleight of hand has become so pervasive that regulators in Europe and the United States are scrambling to tighten rules on environmental claims, yet enforcement still lags behind marketing creativity. [II] The fossil-fuel sector exemplifies the issue. After decades covertly sowing doubt about climate science, oil and gas giants have grasped that direct denial is reputationally toxic. They have therefore swapped their denial tactics for a "green" paint-sprayer, trumpeting token investments in renewables while expanding drilling.

Why does this matter? Greenwashing and climate denial share a core objective: to postpone the emission cuts urgently required to avert climate breakdown. [III] Whereas denial invites opposition, greenwashing lulls the public into believing problems are already solved. Under this collective illusion, pressure on high-emitting firms evaporates and the radical decisions needed to transform energy, transport, and food systems are delayed indefinitely. [IV] Greenwashing thus acts as a soothing lullaby, leading society toward ecological ruin with a tune of comforting half-truths. Exposing this deception is essential if clichés are to be replaced by real, measurable emission cuts.

(Adapted from https://www.greenpeace.org.uk)

Read the passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 11 to 20.

We are living through a boom in greenwashing – the strategic use of comforting environmental claims to disguise business-as-usual pollution. Picture a chief executive whose company emits millions of tonnes of CO₂. Genuine decarbonisation would require bruising boardroom discussions, huge capital outlays, and a complete redesign of the firm's model. Far easier is to hire a creative agency to plaster products with labels such as "carbon-neutral" or "net-zero," calming critics, investors, and even eco-conscious children while emissions continue unsolved.

This tactic meets consumers at every turn. Airline websites promise guilt-free flights, petrol pumps boast zero-impact fuel, and even supermarket bacon is marketed as net-zero. [I] Advertising trickery is ancient, yet today's greenwashing – the practice of deliberately covering ongoing pollution in eco-friendly language – has flourished only recently. The expression surfaced in the 1980s amid oil spills and growing climate science, but the real explosion has come as public anxiety over global heating and biodiversity loss has intensified. Faced with mounting scrutiny, many boards prefer glossy PR to structural reform. Such corporate sleight of hand has become so pervasive that regulators in Europe and the United States are scrambling to tighten rules on environmental claims, yet enforcement still lags behind marketing creativity. [II] The fossil-fuel sector exemplifies the issue. After decades covertly sowing doubt about climate science, oil and gas giants have grasped that direct denial is reputationally toxic. They have therefore swapped their denial tactics for a "green" paint-sprayer, trumpeting token investments in renewables while expanding drilling.

Why does this matter? Greenwashing and climate denial share a core objective: to postpone the emission cuts urgently required to avert climate breakdown. [III] Whereas denial invites opposition, greenwashing lulls the public into believing problems are already solved. Under this collective illusion, pressure on high-emitting firms evaporates and the radical decisions needed to transform energy, transport, and food systems are delayed indefinitely. [IV] Greenwashing thus acts as a soothing lullaby, leading society toward ecological ruin with a tune of comforting half-truths. Exposing this deception is essential if clichés are to be replaced by real, measurable emission cuts.

(Adapted from https://www.greenpeace.org.uk)

Read the passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 11 to 20.

We are living through a boom in greenwashing – the strategic use of comforting environmental claims to disguise business-as-usual pollution. Picture a chief executive whose company emits millions of tonnes of CO₂. Genuine decarbonisation would require bruising boardroom discussions, huge capital outlays, and a complete redesign of the firm's model. Far easier is to hire a creative agency to plaster products with labels such as "carbon-neutral" or "net-zero," calming critics, investors, and even eco-conscious children while emissions continue unsolved.

This tactic meets consumers at every turn. Airline websites promise guilt-free flights, petrol pumps boast zero-impact fuel, and even supermarket bacon is marketed as net-zero. [I] Advertising trickery is ancient, yet today's greenwashing – the practice of deliberately covering ongoing pollution in eco-friendly language – has flourished only recently. The expression surfaced in the 1980s amid oil spills and growing climate science, but the real explosion has come as public anxiety over global heating and biodiversity loss has intensified. Faced with mounting scrutiny, many boards prefer glossy PR to structural reform. Such corporate sleight of hand has become so pervasive that regulators in Europe and the United States are scrambling to tighten rules on environmental claims, yet enforcement still lags behind marketing creativity. [II] The fossil-fuel sector exemplifies the issue. After decades covertly sowing doubt about climate science, oil and gas giants have grasped that direct denial is reputationally toxic. They have therefore swapped their denial tactics for a "green" paint-sprayer, trumpeting token investments in renewables while expanding drilling.

Why does this matter? Greenwashing and climate denial share a core objective: to postpone the emission cuts urgently required to avert climate breakdown. [III] Whereas denial invites opposition, greenwashing lulls the public into believing problems are already solved. Under this collective illusion, pressure on high-emitting firms evaporates and the radical decisions needed to transform energy, transport, and food systems are delayed indefinitely. [IV] Greenwashing thus acts as a soothing lullaby, leading society toward ecological ruin with a tune of comforting half-truths. Exposing this deception is essential if clichés are to be replaced by real, measurable emission cuts.

(Adapted from https://www.greenpeace.org.uk)

Read the passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 11 to 20.

We are living through a boom in greenwashing – the strategic use of comforting environmental claims to disguise business-as-usual pollution. Picture a chief executive whose company emits millions of tonnes of CO₂. Genuine decarbonisation would require bruising boardroom discussions, huge capital outlays, and a complete redesign of the firm's model. Far easier is to hire a creative agency to plaster products with labels such as "carbon-neutral" or "net-zero," calming critics, investors, and even eco-conscious children while emissions continue unsolved.

This tactic meets consumers at every turn. Airline websites promise guilt-free flights, petrol pumps boast zero-impact fuel, and even supermarket bacon is marketed as net-zero. [I] Advertising trickery is ancient, yet today's greenwashing – the practice of deliberately covering ongoing pollution in eco-friendly language – has flourished only recently. The expression surfaced in the 1980s amid oil spills and growing climate science, but the real explosion has come as public anxiety over global heating and biodiversity loss has intensified. Faced with mounting scrutiny, many boards prefer glossy PR to structural reform. Such corporate sleight of hand has become so pervasive that regulators in Europe and the United States are scrambling to tighten rules on environmental claims, yet enforcement still lags behind marketing creativity. [II] The fossil-fuel sector exemplifies the issue. After decades covertly sowing doubt about climate science, oil and gas giants have grasped that direct denial is reputationally toxic. They have therefore swapped their denial tactics for a "green" paint-sprayer, trumpeting token investments in renewables while expanding drilling.

Why does this matter? Greenwashing and climate denial share a core objective: to postpone the emission cuts urgently required to avert climate breakdown. [III] Whereas denial invites opposition, greenwashing lulls the public into believing problems are already solved. Under this collective illusion, pressure on high-emitting firms evaporates and the radical decisions needed to transform energy, transport, and food systems are delayed indefinitely. [IV] Greenwashing thus acts as a soothing lullaby, leading society toward ecological ruin with a tune of comforting half-truths. Exposing this deception is essential if clichés are to be replaced by real, measurable emission cuts.

(Adapted from https://www.greenpeace.org.uk)

Read the passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 11 to 20.

We are living through a boom in greenwashing – the strategic use of comforting environmental claims to disguise business-as-usual pollution. Picture a chief executive whose company emits millions of tonnes of CO₂. Genuine decarbonisation would require bruising boardroom discussions, huge capital outlays, and a complete redesign of the firm's model. Far easier is to hire a creative agency to plaster products with labels such as "carbon-neutral" or "net-zero," calming critics, investors, and even eco-conscious children while emissions continue unsolved.

This tactic meets consumers at every turn. Airline websites promise guilt-free flights, petrol pumps boast zero-impact fuel, and even supermarket bacon is marketed as net-zero. [I] Advertising trickery is ancient, yet today's greenwashing – the practice of deliberately covering ongoing pollution in eco-friendly language – has flourished only recently. The expression surfaced in the 1980s amid oil spills and growing climate science, but the real explosion has come as public anxiety over global heating and biodiversity loss has intensified. Faced with mounting scrutiny, many boards prefer glossy PR to structural reform. Such corporate sleight of hand has become so pervasive that regulators in Europe and the United States are scrambling to tighten rules on environmental claims, yet enforcement still lags behind marketing creativity. [II] The fossil-fuel sector exemplifies the issue. After decades covertly sowing doubt about climate science, oil and gas giants have grasped that direct denial is reputationally toxic. They have therefore swapped their denial tactics for a "green" paint-sprayer, trumpeting token investments in renewables while expanding drilling.

Why does this matter? Greenwashing and climate denial share a core objective: to postpone the emission cuts urgently required to avert climate breakdown. [III] Whereas denial invites opposition, greenwashing lulls the public into believing problems are already solved. Under this collective illusion, pressure on high-emitting firms evaporates and the radical decisions needed to transform energy, transport, and food systems are delayed indefinitely. [IV] Greenwashing thus acts as a soothing lullaby, leading society toward ecological ruin with a tune of comforting half-truths. Exposing this deception is essential if clichés are to be replaced by real, measurable emission cuts.

(Adapted from https://www.greenpeace.org.uk)

Read the passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 11 to 20.

We are living through a boom in greenwashing – the strategic use of comforting environmental claims to disguise business-as-usual pollution. Picture a chief executive whose company emits millions of tonnes of CO₂. Genuine decarbonisation would require bruising boardroom discussions, huge capital outlays, and a complete redesign of the firm's model. Far easier is to hire a creative agency to plaster products with labels such as "carbon-neutral" or "net-zero," calming critics, investors, and even eco-conscious children while emissions continue unsolved.

This tactic meets consumers at every turn. Airline websites promise guilt-free flights, petrol pumps boast zero-impact fuel, and even supermarket bacon is marketed as net-zero. [I] Advertising trickery is ancient, yet today's greenwashing – the practice of deliberately covering ongoing pollution in eco-friendly language – has flourished only recently. The expression surfaced in the 1980s amid oil spills and growing climate science, but the real explosion has come as public anxiety over global heating and biodiversity loss has intensified. Faced with mounting scrutiny, many boards prefer glossy PR to structural reform. Such corporate sleight of hand has become so pervasive that regulators in Europe and the United States are scrambling to tighten rules on environmental claims, yet enforcement still lags behind marketing creativity. [II] The fossil-fuel sector exemplifies the issue. After decades covertly sowing doubt about climate science, oil and gas giants have grasped that direct denial is reputationally toxic. They have therefore swapped their denial tactics for a "green" paint-sprayer, trumpeting token investments in renewables while expanding drilling.

Why does this matter? Greenwashing and climate denial share a core objective: to postpone the emission cuts urgently required to avert climate breakdown. [III] Whereas denial invites opposition, greenwashing lulls the public into believing problems are already solved. Under this collective illusion, pressure on high-emitting firms evaporates and the radical decisions needed to transform energy, transport, and food systems are delayed indefinitely. [IV] Greenwashing thus acts as a soothing lullaby, leading society toward ecological ruin with a tune of comforting half-truths. Exposing this deception is essential if clichés are to be replaced by real, measurable emission cuts.

(Adapted from https://www.greenpeace.org.uk)

Read the passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 11 to 20.

We are living through a boom in greenwashing – the strategic use of comforting environmental claims to disguise business-as-usual pollution. Picture a chief executive whose company emits millions of tonnes of CO₂. Genuine decarbonisation would require bruising boardroom discussions, huge capital outlays, and a complete redesign of the firm's model. Far easier is to hire a creative agency to plaster products with labels such as "carbon-neutral" or "net-zero," calming critics, investors, and even eco-conscious children while emissions continue unsolved.

This tactic meets consumers at every turn. Airline websites promise guilt-free flights, petrol pumps boast zero-impact fuel, and even supermarket bacon is marketed as net-zero. [I] Advertising trickery is ancient, yet today's greenwashing – the practice of deliberately covering ongoing pollution in eco-friendly language – has flourished only recently. The expression surfaced in the 1980s amid oil spills and growing climate science, but the real explosion has come as public anxiety over global heating and biodiversity loss has intensified. Faced with mounting scrutiny, many boards prefer glossy PR to structural reform. Such corporate sleight of hand has become so pervasive that regulators in Europe and the United States are scrambling to tighten rules on environmental claims, yet enforcement still lags behind marketing creativity. [II] The fossil-fuel sector exemplifies the issue. After decades covertly sowing doubt about climate science, oil and gas giants have grasped that direct denial is reputationally toxic. They have therefore swapped their denial tactics for a "green" paint-sprayer, trumpeting token investments in renewables while expanding drilling.

Why does this matter? Greenwashing and climate denial share a core objective: to postpone the emission cuts urgently required to avert climate breakdown. [III] Whereas denial invites opposition, greenwashing lulls the public into believing problems are already solved. Under this collective illusion, pressure on high-emitting firms evaporates and the radical decisions needed to transform energy, transport, and food systems are delayed indefinitely. [IV] Greenwashing thus acts as a soothing lullaby, leading society toward ecological ruin with a tune of comforting half-truths. Exposing this deception is essential if clichés are to be replaced by real, measurable emission cuts.

(Adapted from https://www.greenpeace.org.uk)

Question 19. Where in the passage does the following sentence best fit?

Yet greenwashing is arguably more insidious.

Read the passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 11 to 20.

We are living through a boom in greenwashing – the strategic use of comforting environmental claims to disguise business-as-usual pollution. Picture a chief executive whose company emits millions of tonnes of CO₂. Genuine decarbonisation would require bruising boardroom discussions, huge capital outlays, and a complete redesign of the firm's model. Far easier is to hire a creative agency to plaster products with labels such as "carbon-neutral" or "net-zero," calming critics, investors, and even eco-conscious children while emissions continue unsolved.

This tactic meets consumers at every turn. Airline websites promise guilt-free flights, petrol pumps boast zero-impact fuel, and even supermarket bacon is marketed as net-zero. [I] Advertising trickery is ancient, yet today's greenwashing – the practice of deliberately covering ongoing pollution in eco-friendly language – has flourished only recently. The expression surfaced in the 1980s amid oil spills and growing climate science, but the real explosion has come as public anxiety over global heating and biodiversity loss has intensified. Faced with mounting scrutiny, many boards prefer glossy PR to structural reform. Such corporate sleight of hand has become so pervasive that regulators in Europe and the United States are scrambling to tighten rules on environmental claims, yet enforcement still lags behind marketing creativity. [II] The fossil-fuel sector exemplifies the issue. After decades covertly sowing doubt about climate science, oil and gas giants have grasped that direct denial is reputationally toxic. They have therefore swapped their denial tactics for a "green" paint-sprayer, trumpeting token investments in renewables while expanding drilling.

Why does this matter? Greenwashing and climate denial share a core objective: to postpone the emission cuts urgently required to avert climate breakdown. [III] Whereas denial invites opposition, greenwashing lulls the public into believing problems are already solved. Under this collective illusion, pressure on high-emitting firms evaporates and the radical decisions needed to transform energy, transport, and food systems are delayed indefinitely. [IV] Greenwashing thus acts as a soothing lullaby, leading society toward ecological ruin with a tune of comforting half-truths. Exposing this deception is essential if clichés are to be replaced by real, measurable emission cuts.

(Adapted from https://www.greenpeace.org.uk)

Question 20. Which of the following best summarises the passage?

Read the following piece of news and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 21 to 26.

Da Nang International Fireworks Festival (DIFF) 2025

With ten teams worldwide, DIFF 2025 features the largest (21) ______ of participating teams in its history, and is predicted to be the most thrilling (22) ______ so far.

Z121 Vina Pyrotech, a company (23) ______ by Vietnam Ministry of National Defence, is a newcomer this year. With thirty years of experience in fireworks, Z121 Vina Pyrotech is expected to deliver a breathtaking performance. It is among the (24) ______ candidates to win the championship.

From May 31st to July 12th, DIFF 2025 promises a series of spectacular fireworks displays, (25) ______ is hoped to bring spectators a world-class entertainment experience.

Over the past twelve years, the Da Nang International Fireworks Festival has helped the city (26) ______ the reputation as "The City of Fireworks" and become an attractive tourist destination.

(Adapted from https://www.vietnamnews.vn)

Read the following piece of news and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 21 to 26.

Da Nang International Fireworks Festival (DIFF) 2025

With ten teams worldwide, DIFF 2025 features the largest (21) ______ of participating teams in its history, and is predicted to be the most thrilling (22) ______ so far.

Z121 Vina Pyrotech, a company (23) ______ by Vietnam Ministry of National Defence, is a newcomer this year. With thirty years of experience in fireworks, Z121 Vina Pyrotech is expected to deliver a breathtaking performance. It is among the (24) ______ candidates to win the championship.

From May 31st to July 12th, DIFF 2025 promises a series of spectacular fireworks displays, (25) ______ is hoped to bring spectators a world-class entertainment experience.

Over the past twelve years, the Da Nang International Fireworks Festival has helped the city (26) ______ the reputation as "The City of Fireworks" and become an attractive tourist destination.

(Adapted from https://www.vietnamnews.vn)

Read the following piece of news and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 21 to 26.

Da Nang International Fireworks Festival (DIFF) 2025

With ten teams worldwide, DIFF 2025 features the largest (21) ______ of participating teams in its history, and is predicted to be the most thrilling (22) ______ so far.

Z121 Vina Pyrotech, a company (23) ______ by Vietnam Ministry of National Defence, is a newcomer this year. With thirty years of experience in fireworks, Z121 Vina Pyrotech is expected to deliver a breathtaking performance. It is among the (24) ______ candidates to win the championship.

From May 31st to July 12th, DIFF 2025 promises a series of spectacular fireworks displays, (25) ______ is hoped to bring spectators a world-class entertainment experience.

Over the past twelve years, the Da Nang International Fireworks Festival has helped the city (26) ______ the reputation as "The City of Fireworks" and become an attractive tourist destination.

(Adapted from https://www.vietnamnews.vn)

Read the following piece of news and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 21 to 26.

Da Nang International Fireworks Festival (DIFF) 2025

With ten teams worldwide, DIFF 2025 features the largest (21) ______ of participating teams in its history, and is predicted to be the most thrilling (22) ______ so far.

Z121 Vina Pyrotech, a company (23) ______ by Vietnam Ministry of National Defence, is a newcomer this year. With thirty years of experience in fireworks, Z121 Vina Pyrotech is expected to deliver a breathtaking performance. It is among the (24) ______ candidates to win the championship.

From May 31st to July 12th, DIFF 2025 promises a series of spectacular fireworks displays, (25) ______ is hoped to bring spectators a world-class entertainment experience.

Over the past twelve years, the Da Nang International Fireworks Festival has helped the city (26) ______ the reputation as "The City of Fireworks" and become an attractive tourist destination.

(Adapted from https://www.vietnamnews.vn)

Read the following piece of news and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 21 to 26.

Da Nang International Fireworks Festival (DIFF) 2025

With ten teams worldwide, DIFF 2025 features the largest (21) ______ of participating teams in its history, and is predicted to be the most thrilling (22) ______ so far.

Z121 Vina Pyrotech, a company (23) ______ by Vietnam Ministry of National Defence, is a newcomer this year. With thirty years of experience in fireworks, Z121 Vina Pyrotech is expected to deliver a breathtaking performance. It is among the (24) ______ candidates to win the championship.

From May 31st to July 12th, DIFF 2025 promises a series of spectacular fireworks displays, (25) ______ is hoped to bring spectators a world-class entertainment experience.

Over the past twelve years, the Da Nang International Fireworks Festival has helped the city (26) ______ the reputation as "The City of Fireworks" and become an attractive tourist destination.

(Adapted from https://www.vietnamnews.vn)

Read the following piece of news and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 21 to 26.

Da Nang International Fireworks Festival (DIFF) 2025

With ten teams worldwide, DIFF 2025 features the largest (21) ______ of participating teams in its history, and is predicted to be the most thrilling (22) ______ so far.

Z121 Vina Pyrotech, a company (23) ______ by Vietnam Ministry of National Defence, is a newcomer this year. With thirty years of experience in fireworks, Z121 Vina Pyrotech is expected to deliver a breathtaking performance. It is among the (24) ______ candidates to win the championship.

From May 31st to July 12th, DIFF 2025 promises a series of spectacular fireworks displays, (25) ______ is hoped to bring spectators a world-class entertainment experience.

Over the past twelve years, the Da Nang International Fireworks Festival has helped the city (26) ______ the reputation as "The City of Fireworks" and become an attractive tourist destination.

(Adapted from https://www.vietnamnews.vn)

Read the following leaflet and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 27 to 32.

How to Manage Your Money Wisely?

Managing your finances properly is essential for a stable and secure life. (27) ______, many people struggle with budgeting and saving and give up their financial plans sooner or later, eventually leading (28) ______ overspending and financial stress. Here are some tips to well manage your pocket:

• Invest some of your money if possible.
• Have a bank account with an increasing amount of savings (29) ______ month by setting realistic financial goals.
• Buy (30) ______ within your price range.
• Track your spending carefully to avoid (31) ______ expenditure on unnecessary purchases.
• Prioritise things that bring you lasting happiness and financial security to get your money's (32) ______!

(Adapted from https://www.thebalancemoney.com)

(Bên phải tờ rơi có một hình minh họa: cây non mọc lên từ chiếc lọ đầy tiền xu dán nhãn SAVINGS, dưới chân lọ có mấy chồng tiền xu. Hình chỉ để trang trí, không chứa thông tin cần cho việc trả lời.)

Read the following leaflet and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 27 to 32.

How to Manage Your Money Wisely?

Managing your finances properly is essential for a stable and secure life. (27) ______, many people struggle with budgeting and saving and give up their financial plans sooner or later, eventually leading (28) ______ overspending and financial stress. Here are some tips to well manage your pocket:

• Invest some of your money if possible.
• Have a bank account with an increasing amount of savings (29) ______ month by setting realistic financial goals.
• Buy (30) ______ within your price range.
• Track your spending carefully to avoid (31) ______ expenditure on unnecessary purchases.
• Prioritise things that bring you lasting happiness and financial security to get your money's (32) ______!

(Adapted from https://www.thebalancemoney.com)

(Bên phải tờ rơi có một hình minh họa: cây non mọc lên từ chiếc lọ đầy tiền xu dán nhãn SAVINGS, dưới chân lọ có mấy chồng tiền xu. Hình chỉ để trang trí, không chứa thông tin cần cho việc trả lời.)

Read the following leaflet and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 27 to 32.

How to Manage Your Money Wisely?

Managing your finances properly is essential for a stable and secure life. (27) ______, many people struggle with budgeting and saving and give up their financial plans sooner or later, eventually leading (28) ______ overspending and financial stress. Here are some tips to well manage your pocket:

• Invest some of your money if possible.
• Have a bank account with an increasing amount of savings (29) ______ month by setting realistic financial goals.
• Buy (30) ______ within your price range.
• Track your spending carefully to avoid (31) ______ expenditure on unnecessary purchases.
• Prioritise things that bring you lasting happiness and financial security to get your money's (32) ______!

(Adapted from https://www.thebalancemoney.com)

(Bên phải tờ rơi có một hình minh họa: cây non mọc lên từ chiếc lọ đầy tiền xu dán nhãn SAVINGS, dưới chân lọ có mấy chồng tiền xu. Hình chỉ để trang trí, không chứa thông tin cần cho việc trả lời.)

Read the following leaflet and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 27 to 32.

How to Manage Your Money Wisely?

Managing your finances properly is essential for a stable and secure life. (27) ______, many people struggle with budgeting and saving and give up their financial plans sooner or later, eventually leading (28) ______ overspending and financial stress. Here are some tips to well manage your pocket:

• Invest some of your money if possible.
• Have a bank account with an increasing amount of savings (29) ______ month by setting realistic financial goals.
• Buy (30) ______ within your price range.
• Track your spending carefully to avoid (31) ______ expenditure on unnecessary purchases.
• Prioritise things that bring you lasting happiness and financial security to get your money's (32) ______!

(Adapted from https://www.thebalancemoney.com)

(Bên phải tờ rơi có một hình minh họa: cây non mọc lên từ chiếc lọ đầy tiền xu dán nhãn SAVINGS, dưới chân lọ có mấy chồng tiền xu. Hình chỉ để trang trí, không chứa thông tin cần cho việc trả lời.)

Read the following leaflet and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 27 to 32.

How to Manage Your Money Wisely?

Managing your finances properly is essential for a stable and secure life. (27) ______, many people struggle with budgeting and saving and give up their financial plans sooner or later, eventually leading (28) ______ overspending and financial stress. Here are some tips to well manage your pocket:

• Invest some of your money if possible.
• Have a bank account with an increasing amount of savings (29) ______ month by setting realistic financial goals.
• Buy (30) ______ within your price range.
• Track your spending carefully to avoid (31) ______ expenditure on unnecessary purchases.
• Prioritise things that bring you lasting happiness and financial security to get your money's (32) ______!

(Adapted from https://www.thebalancemoney.com)

(Bên phải tờ rơi có một hình minh họa: cây non mọc lên từ chiếc lọ đầy tiền xu dán nhãn SAVINGS, dưới chân lọ có mấy chồng tiền xu. Hình chỉ để trang trí, không chứa thông tin cần cho việc trả lời.)

Read the following leaflet and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 27 to 32.

How to Manage Your Money Wisely?

Managing your finances properly is essential for a stable and secure life. (27) ______, many people struggle with budgeting and saving and give up their financial plans sooner or later, eventually leading (28) ______ overspending and financial stress. Here are some tips to well manage your pocket:

• Invest some of your money if possible.
• Have a bank account with an increasing amount of savings (29) ______ month by setting realistic financial goals.
• Buy (30) ______ within your price range.
• Track your spending carefully to avoid (31) ______ expenditure on unnecessary purchases.
• Prioritise things that bring you lasting happiness and financial security to get your money's (32) ______!

(Adapted from https://www.thebalancemoney.com)

(Bên phải tờ rơi có một hình minh họa: cây non mọc lên từ chiếc lọ đầy tiền xu dán nhãn SAVINGS, dưới chân lọ có mấy chồng tiền xu. Hình chỉ để trang trí, không chứa thông tin cần cho việc trả lời.)

Read the passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 33 to 40.

When several farmers merge plots into a single "project farm", they use digital tools to make that teamwork far more effective. GPS mapping, drones, and in-field sensors build a live, shared picture of soil types, weather shifts, and plant growth. Because everyone works on the same data, the team can settle seeding dates, determine when to spray, and track machinery in real time. What once depended on guesswork is now driven by verifiable information.

With GPS technology, farmers can accurately map out their fields and create customised planting plans. Seeding machines change their rate on the fly, drones spray pests on targeted zones, and smart spreaders apply fertiliser only where data shows a need. Because inputs go exactly where they help, fields yield more while chemical runoff falls. Trials report considerable savings on seed, fuel, and sprays – benefits the partners split at the season's end.

Water management is just as precise. Specialised equipment tracks moisture every hour, and forecast apps predict rain, wind, or heatwaves. Automated pumps deliver measured water amounts to thirsty zones and stop when a storm is coming, slashing waste and energy bills. The result is steadier yields in dry years, fewer nutrients washed away, and a smaller water footprint for the whole partnership. Smart irrigation also helps limit weed growth, reducing herbicide use.

The journey from field to market is equally digital. Cloud platforms record harvest weights, storage temperatures, and shipment times the moment they change, while blockchain records freeze each entry so customers can rely on it. Analytic tools browse the records to indicate weak points in the procedure, forecast prices, and suggest better planting plans for the next season to project partners. This makes project farming both profitable and sustainable.

(Adapted from https://www.consumersearch.com)

Read the passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 33 to 40.

When several farmers merge plots into a single "project farm", they use digital tools to make that teamwork far more effective. GPS mapping, drones, and in-field sensors build a live, shared picture of soil types, weather shifts, and plant growth. Because everyone works on the same data, the team can settle seeding dates, determine when to spray, and track machinery in real time. What once depended on guesswork is now driven by verifiable information.

With GPS technology, farmers can accurately map out their fields and create customised planting plans. Seeding machines change their rate on the fly, drones spray pests on targeted zones, and smart spreaders apply fertiliser only where data shows a need. Because inputs go exactly where they help, fields yield more while chemical runoff falls. Trials report considerable savings on seed, fuel, and sprays – benefits the partners split at the season's end.

Water management is just as precise. Specialised equipment tracks moisture every hour, and forecast apps predict rain, wind, or heatwaves. Automated pumps deliver measured water amounts to thirsty zones and stop when a storm is coming, slashing waste and energy bills. The result is steadier yields in dry years, fewer nutrients washed away, and a smaller water footprint for the whole partnership. Smart irrigation also helps limit weed growth, reducing herbicide use.

The journey from field to market is equally digital. Cloud platforms record harvest weights, storage temperatures, and shipment times the moment they change, while blockchain records freeze each entry so customers can rely on it. Analytic tools browse the records to indicate weak points in the procedure, forecast prices, and suggest better planting plans for the next season to project partners. This makes project farming both profitable and sustainable.

(Adapted from https://www.consumersearch.com)

Read the passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 33 to 40.

When several farmers merge plots into a single "project farm", they use digital tools to make that teamwork far more effective. GPS mapping, drones, and in-field sensors build a live, shared picture of soil types, weather shifts, and plant growth. Because everyone works on the same data, the team can settle seeding dates, determine when to spray, and track machinery in real time. What once depended on guesswork is now driven by verifiable information.

With GPS technology, farmers can accurately map out their fields and create customised planting plans. Seeding machines change their rate on the fly, drones spray pests on targeted zones, and smart spreaders apply fertiliser only where data shows a need. Because inputs go exactly where they help, fields yield more while chemical runoff falls. Trials report considerable savings on seed, fuel, and sprays – benefits the partners split at the season's end.

Water management is just as precise. Specialised equipment tracks moisture every hour, and forecast apps predict rain, wind, or heatwaves. Automated pumps deliver measured water amounts to thirsty zones and stop when a storm is coming, slashing waste and energy bills. The result is steadier yields in dry years, fewer nutrients washed away, and a smaller water footprint for the whole partnership. Smart irrigation also helps limit weed growth, reducing herbicide use.

The journey from field to market is equally digital. Cloud platforms record harvest weights, storage temperatures, and shipment times the moment they change, while blockchain records freeze each entry so customers can rely on it. Analytic tools browse the records to indicate weak points in the procedure, forecast prices, and suggest better planting plans for the next season to project partners. This makes project farming both profitable and sustainable.

(Adapted from https://www.consumersearch.com)

Read the passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 33 to 40.

When several farmers merge plots into a single "project farm", they use digital tools to make that teamwork far more effective. GPS mapping, drones, and in-field sensors build a live, shared picture of soil types, weather shifts, and plant growth. Because everyone works on the same data, the team can settle seeding dates, determine when to spray, and track machinery in real time. What once depended on guesswork is now driven by verifiable information.

With GPS technology, farmers can accurately map out their fields and create customised planting plans. Seeding machines change their rate on the fly, drones spray pests on targeted zones, and smart spreaders apply fertiliser only where data shows a need. Because inputs go exactly where they help, fields yield more while chemical runoff falls. Trials report considerable savings on seed, fuel, and sprays – benefits the partners split at the season's end.

Water management is just as precise. Specialised equipment tracks moisture every hour, and forecast apps predict rain, wind, or heatwaves. Automated pumps deliver measured water amounts to thirsty zones and stop when a storm is coming, slashing waste and energy bills. The result is steadier yields in dry years, fewer nutrients washed away, and a smaller water footprint for the whole partnership. Smart irrigation also helps limit weed growth, reducing herbicide use.

The journey from field to market is equally digital. Cloud platforms record harvest weights, storage temperatures, and shipment times the moment they change, while blockchain records freeze each entry so customers can rely on it. Analytic tools browse the records to indicate weak points in the procedure, forecast prices, and suggest better planting plans for the next season to project partners. This makes project farming both profitable and sustainable.

(Adapted from https://www.consumersearch.com)

Read the passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 33 to 40.

When several farmers merge plots into a single "project farm", they use digital tools to make that teamwork far more effective. GPS mapping, drones, and in-field sensors build a live, shared picture of soil types, weather shifts, and plant growth. Because everyone works on the same data, the team can settle seeding dates, determine when to spray, and track machinery in real time. What once depended on guesswork is now driven by verifiable information.

With GPS technology, farmers can accurately map out their fields and create customised planting plans. Seeding machines change their rate on the fly, drones spray pests on targeted zones, and smart spreaders apply fertiliser only where data shows a need. Because inputs go exactly where they help, fields yield more while chemical runoff falls. Trials report considerable savings on seed, fuel, and sprays – benefits the partners split at the season's end.

Water management is just as precise. Specialised equipment tracks moisture every hour, and forecast apps predict rain, wind, or heatwaves. Automated pumps deliver measured water amounts to thirsty zones and stop when a storm is coming, slashing waste and energy bills. The result is steadier yields in dry years, fewer nutrients washed away, and a smaller water footprint for the whole partnership. Smart irrigation also helps limit weed growth, reducing herbicide use.

The journey from field to market is equally digital. Cloud platforms record harvest weights, storage temperatures, and shipment times the moment they change, while blockchain records freeze each entry so customers can rely on it. Analytic tools browse the records to indicate weak points in the procedure, forecast prices, and suggest better planting plans for the next season to project partners. This makes project farming both profitable and sustainable.

(Adapted from https://www.consumersearch.com)

Read the passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 33 to 40.

When several farmers merge plots into a single "project farm", they use digital tools to make that teamwork far more effective. GPS mapping, drones, and in-field sensors build a live, shared picture of soil types, weather shifts, and plant growth. Because everyone works on the same data, the team can settle seeding dates, determine when to spray, and track machinery in real time. What once depended on guesswork is now driven by verifiable information.

With GPS technology, farmers can accurately map out their fields and create customised planting plans. Seeding machines change their rate on the fly, drones spray pests on targeted zones, and smart spreaders apply fertiliser only where data shows a need. Because inputs go exactly where they help, fields yield more while chemical runoff falls. Trials report considerable savings on seed, fuel, and sprays – benefits the partners split at the season's end.

Water management is just as precise. Specialised equipment tracks moisture every hour, and forecast apps predict rain, wind, or heatwaves. Automated pumps deliver measured water amounts to thirsty zones and stop when a storm is coming, slashing waste and energy bills. The result is steadier yields in dry years, fewer nutrients washed away, and a smaller water footprint for the whole partnership. Smart irrigation also helps limit weed growth, reducing herbicide use.

The journey from field to market is equally digital. Cloud platforms record harvest weights, storage temperatures, and shipment times the moment they change, while blockchain records freeze each entry so customers can rely on it. Analytic tools browse the records to indicate weak points in the procedure, forecast prices, and suggest better planting plans for the next season to project partners. This makes project farming both profitable and sustainable.

(Adapted from https://www.consumersearch.com)

Read the passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 33 to 40.

When several farmers merge plots into a single "project farm", they use digital tools to make that teamwork far more effective. GPS mapping, drones, and in-field sensors build a live, shared picture of soil types, weather shifts, and plant growth. Because everyone works on the same data, the team can settle seeding dates, determine when to spray, and track machinery in real time. What once depended on guesswork is now driven by verifiable information.

With GPS technology, farmers can accurately map out their fields and create customised planting plans. Seeding machines change their rate on the fly, drones spray pests on targeted zones, and smart spreaders apply fertiliser only where data shows a need. Because inputs go exactly where they help, fields yield more while chemical runoff falls. Trials report considerable savings on seed, fuel, and sprays – benefits the partners split at the season's end.

Water management is just as precise. Specialised equipment tracks moisture every hour, and forecast apps predict rain, wind, or heatwaves. Automated pumps deliver measured water amounts to thirsty zones and stop when a storm is coming, slashing waste and energy bills. The result is steadier yields in dry years, fewer nutrients washed away, and a smaller water footprint for the whole partnership. Smart irrigation also helps limit weed growth, reducing herbicide use.

The journey from field to market is equally digital. Cloud platforms record harvest weights, storage temperatures, and shipment times the moment they change, while blockchain records freeze each entry so customers can rely on it. Analytic tools browse the records to indicate weak points in the procedure, forecast prices, and suggest better planting plans for the next season to project partners. This makes project farming both profitable and sustainable.

(Adapted from https://www.consumersearch.com)

Read the passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 33 to 40.

When several farmers merge plots into a single "project farm", they use digital tools to make that teamwork far more effective. GPS mapping, drones, and in-field sensors build a live, shared picture of soil types, weather shifts, and plant growth. Because everyone works on the same data, the team can settle seeding dates, determine when to spray, and track machinery in real time. What once depended on guesswork is now driven by verifiable information.

With GPS technology, farmers can accurately map out their fields and create customised planting plans. Seeding machines change their rate on the fly, drones spray pests on targeted zones, and smart spreaders apply fertiliser only where data shows a need. Because inputs go exactly where they help, fields yield more while chemical runoff falls. Trials report considerable savings on seed, fuel, and sprays – benefits the partners split at the season's end.

Water management is just as precise. Specialised equipment tracks moisture every hour, and forecast apps predict rain, wind, or heatwaves. Automated pumps deliver measured water amounts to thirsty zones and stop when a storm is coming, slashing waste and energy bills. The result is steadier yields in dry years, fewer nutrients washed away, and a smaller water footprint for the whole partnership. Smart irrigation also helps limit weed growth, reducing herbicide use.

The journey from field to market is equally digital. Cloud platforms record harvest weights, storage temperatures, and shipment times the moment they change, while blockchain records freeze each entry so customers can rely on it. Analytic tools browse the records to indicate weak points in the procedure, forecast prices, and suggest better planting plans for the next season to project partners. This makes project farming both profitable and sustainable.

(Adapted from https://www.consumersearch.com)