Tốt nghiệp THPT 2026 · Tiếng Anh · Mã đề 1129

Câu hỏi mẫu

3 câu đầu của đề. Vào phần làm thử để trả lời và biết ngay mình đúng hay sai.

1. Phần thông tin chung

   *Read the passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 1 to 10.* Environmental services, even when they arise without any human labour, are by no means cost-free. Every cost should be understood in terms of opportunity cost. For environmental services, the opportunity cost amounts to the net gain **relinquished** because the resources are no longer available for their second-best application. Whenever a resource has alternative uses, it cannot legitimately be deemed free. For instance, a section of river might serve as a site used for either white-water canoeing or hydroelectric generation. Constructing a dam to produce electricity would flood the rapids, so this makes white-water canoeing here out of the question. The opportunity cost of preserving the river for canoeing equals the net benefit of the electricity that would otherwise have been produced, once the expenses of generation and distribution have been subtracted. By the same token, the opportunity cost of erecting the dam involves everything the river in its natural state would have provided – leisure activities, wildlife, scenic beauty, and whatever worth future generations might attach to experiencing the rapids. This understanding carries considerable weight for planning development. **[I]** Numerous decisions initially appearing to be cost-free moves in favour of growth prove, when examined carefully, to be against something else. **[II]** Clearing a forest to make way for crops is hardly without cost; it is paid for through losses in carbon storage, biological diversity, and all the functions the forest once performed unnoticed. **[III]** Channelling a river for irrigation has its price – namely, whatever the river was doing before its course was altered. **[IV]** Even leaving a swathe of land alone exacts a cost, since the earnings that intensive exploitation might have produced are equally sacrificed. From this perspective, economic development can never be reduced to whether a project delivers a positive return. Rather, what must be asked is whether that return outweighs the value of sacrifices. Policies considering this – by pricing scarce environmental services, or obliging those in charge to consider both sides – are not against development. What **they** demand is that development should be worth its true cost. The danger lies not in counting too much, but in counting too little. *(Adapted from Environmental Economics and Policy)*

   Câu 1

   Đọc hiểu · từ đồng nghĩa0,25 điểm

   Question 1. The word relinquished in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to _____.

   Agiven up

   Bfilled up

   Cended up

   Dmade up
2. Phần thông tin chung

   *Read the passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 1 to 10.* Environmental services, even when they arise without any human labour, are by no means cost-free. Every cost should be understood in terms of opportunity cost. For environmental services, the opportunity cost amounts to the net gain **relinquished** because the resources are no longer available for their second-best application. Whenever a resource has alternative uses, it cannot legitimately be deemed free. For instance, a section of river might serve as a site used for either white-water canoeing or hydroelectric generation. Constructing a dam to produce electricity would flood the rapids, so this makes white-water canoeing here out of the question. The opportunity cost of preserving the river for canoeing equals the net benefit of the electricity that would otherwise have been produced, once the expenses of generation and distribution have been subtracted. By the same token, the opportunity cost of erecting the dam involves everything the river in its natural state would have provided – leisure activities, wildlife, scenic beauty, and whatever worth future generations might attach to experiencing the rapids. This understanding carries considerable weight for planning development. **[I]** Numerous decisions initially appearing to be cost-free moves in favour of growth prove, when examined carefully, to be against something else. **[II]** Clearing a forest to make way for crops is hardly without cost; it is paid for through losses in carbon storage, biological diversity, and all the functions the forest once performed unnoticed. **[III]** Channelling a river for irrigation has its price – namely, whatever the river was doing before its course was altered. **[IV]** Even leaving a swathe of land alone exacts a cost, since the earnings that intensive exploitation might have produced are equally sacrificed. From this perspective, economic development can never be reduced to whether a project delivers a positive return. Rather, what must be asked is whether that return outweighs the value of sacrifices. Policies considering this – by pricing scarce environmental services, or obliging those in charge to consider both sides – are not against development. What **they** demand is that development should be worth its true cost. The danger lies not in counting too much, but in counting too little. *(Adapted from Environmental Economics and Policy)*

   Câu 2

   Đọc hiểu · chi tiết0,25 điểm

   Question 2. According to paragraph 1, the costs of environmental services are _____.

   Aexistent even in the absence of human involvement

   Bdetermined by financial investment in natural resources

   Cincluded in the market value of natural resources

   Dminimal because these services are nearly labour-free
3. Phần thông tin chung

   *Read the passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 1 to 10.* Environmental services, even when they arise without any human labour, are by no means cost-free. Every cost should be understood in terms of opportunity cost. For environmental services, the opportunity cost amounts to the net gain **relinquished** because the resources are no longer available for their second-best application. Whenever a resource has alternative uses, it cannot legitimately be deemed free. For instance, a section of river might serve as a site used for either white-water canoeing or hydroelectric generation. Constructing a dam to produce electricity would flood the rapids, so this makes white-water canoeing here out of the question. The opportunity cost of preserving the river for canoeing equals the net benefit of the electricity that would otherwise have been produced, once the expenses of generation and distribution have been subtracted. By the same token, the opportunity cost of erecting the dam involves everything the river in its natural state would have provided – leisure activities, wildlife, scenic beauty, and whatever worth future generations might attach to experiencing the rapids. This understanding carries considerable weight for planning development. **[I]** Numerous decisions initially appearing to be cost-free moves in favour of growth prove, when examined carefully, to be against something else. **[II]** Clearing a forest to make way for crops is hardly without cost; it is paid for through losses in carbon storage, biological diversity, and all the functions the forest once performed unnoticed. **[III]** Channelling a river for irrigation has its price – namely, whatever the river was doing before its course was altered. **[IV]** Even leaving a swathe of land alone exacts a cost, since the earnings that intensive exploitation might have produced are equally sacrificed. From this perspective, economic development can never be reduced to whether a project delivers a positive return. Rather, what must be asked is whether that return outweighs the value of sacrifices. Policies considering this – by pricing scarce environmental services, or obliging those in charge to consider both sides – are not against development. What **they** demand is that development should be worth its true cost. The danger lies not in counting too much, but in counting too little. *(Adapted from Environmental Economics and Policy)*

   Câu 3

   Đọc hiểu · suy luận (NOT)0,25 điểm

   Question 3. Which of the following is NOT implied in paragraph 2?

   AThe intrinsic value of the river is not confined to generating hydroelectricity only.

   BThe strains on the ecosystem of the river imposed by recreational activities and power generation are similar.

   CIntangible benefits also constitute the opportunity cost of the dam construction.

   DIt is impossible to exploit one stretch of river for both hydroelectric generation and white-water canoeing.

Nộp bài xong là có đáp án và lời giải chi tiết cho từng câu.