Viet lai va thao luan quy dinh bang modal verbs va cau bi dong
Muc tieu bai hoc
Sau bai hoc nay, em viet lai duoc mot quy dinh theo hai cach dien dat - chu dong dung modal verbs, va bi dong thi hien tai don khi phu hop - va thao luan ngan gon ly do mot quy dinh ton tai.
Kien thuc nen can co
Em da doc hieu mot bang noi quy o bai truoc, va da hoc modal verbs cung cau bi dong o cac chuong truoc; bai nay luyen viet, ket hop ca hai.
Cau hoi khoi dong
Nam muon giai thich cho mot ban hoc sinh nuoc ngoai ve quy dinh khong mang dien thoai vao lop theo hai cach khac nhau - bang modal va bang cau bi dong. Hai cach nay co luon thay the duoc cho nhau khong?
Viet mot quy dinh theo hai cach
Cach mot: xac dinh nguoi phai tuan theo (thuong la students), roi viet bang modal verb phu hop voi muc do bat buoc: Students must/have to/should/mustn't/can + V. Cach hai: xac dinh doi tuong hoac vat la trong tam cua quy dinh (mobile phones, the uniform), roi viet bang cau bi dong: Object + is/are + (not) V3 hoac (not) allowed + to V.
Ket hop hai diem da hoc: khi mot quy dinh dung modal (must/mustn't) va nguoi noi muon nhan vao vat thay vi nguoi, ta ghep modal voi bi dong theo khuon modal + be + V3, vi du must be worn, mustn't be used. Day la su ket hop hai diem ngu phap da hoc trong cung khoa hoc nay (modal o cac chuong truoc, bi dong o chuong 3), khong phai mot noi dung moi ngoai chuong trinh.
Cau bi dong ket hop modal khong chia am/is/are theo chu ngu - chi can be nguyen mau sau modal (must be, mustn't be, should be), vi modal khong bao gio chia dang. Chon cach viet nao con phu thuoc ngu canh: modal truc tiep hon, phu hop van noi; bi dong trang trong hon, phu hop bang noi quy/thong bao chinh thuc.
- 1
Quy dinh goc: "Wear the school uniform every day." Viet lai bang modal va bang bi dong. Bay o day la viet bi dong sai vi "uniform" khong phai chu the hanh dong, de tao cau bi dong nguoc nghia.
- 2
Ban modal: "Students must wear the school uniform every day." Ban bi dong, chon "the school uniform" lam chu ngu moi: "The school uniform must be worn every day" - chu y bi dong di kem modal dung khuon must be + V3, khac voi bi dong thi hien tai don thuong (is/are + V3).
- 3
(a) The school uniform must be worn every day, (b) The school uniform must worn every day, (c) The school uniform must is worn every day, (d) The school uniform is must worn every day - loai (b) vi thieu be; loai (c),(d) vi sai trat tu/thua is.
- 4
(a) The school uniform must be worn every day.
- 5
Modal + bi dong luon theo khuon modal + be + V3 (must be worn, should be kept clean, mustn't be brought) - khong chia am/is/are, chi can be nguyen mau sau modal.
- 1
Quy dinh goc: "Don't use mobile phones in class." Viet lai bang modal va bang bi dong.
- 2
Ban modal: "Students mustn't use mobile phones in class." Ban bi dong, chon "mobile phones" lam chu ngu moi: "Mobile phones mustn't be used in class."
- 3
(a) Mobile phones mustn't be used in class, (b) Mobile phones mustn't used in class, (c) Mobile phones aren't must used in class, (d) Mobile phones mustn't be use in class - loai (b) vi thieu be; loai (c) vi sai trat tu modal; loai (d) vi thieu qua khu phan tu used, con o dang nguyen mau use.
- 4
(a) Mobile phones mustn't be used in class.
- 5
Sau modal + be, dong tu chinh luon o dang qua khu phan tu (used, worn, kept), giong het cach chia trong bi dong thi hien tai don thuong.
- 1
Giai thich vi sao rule 5 (khong duoc roi cong truong khi chua xin phep) ton tai, dung because. Bay o day la chi neu lai quy dinh ma khong neu ly do.
- 2
Mot cau giai thich tot can hai phan: nhac lai quy dinh (co the o dang modal hoac bi dong) va noi ro ly do bang because + mot menh de day du.
- 3
(a) Students mustn't leave the school gate during school hours because the school needs to keep every student safe, (b) Students mustn't leave the school gate, (c) Because students must be safe, (d) The school gate because of safety - loai (b) vi thieu ly do; loai (c),(d) vi cau khong tron y, thieu menh de chinh ro rang.
- 4
(a) Students mustn't leave the school gate during school hours because the school needs to keep every student safe.
- 5
Mot loi giai thich day du gom hai phan: nhac lai quy dinh (modal hoac bi dong) va mot ly do ro rang noi sau because.
Luyen tap co huong dan
Luyen tap doc lap
Bay hay gap: quen them be sau modal khi viet bi dong (must worn, should kept - thieu be). Bay thu hai: them thua is/are truoc modal (is must, are should) - modal khong bao gio di kem am/is/are ngay truoc no.
Tom tat
Mot quy dinh co the viet theo hai cach: chu dong bang modal verb (Students must/should/mustn't/can + V) hoac bi dong nhan vao doi tuong cua quy dinh (Object + am/is/are + V3, hoac modal + be + V3 khi ket hop ca hai diem ngu phap). Mot loi giai thich day du them mot ly do ro rang bang because.
Chuong cuoi cung se on tap tong hop toan bo khoa hoc, dung ca modal verbs va cau bi dong qua bon dang bai quen thuoc cua de kiem tra: dien tu, bien doi cau, tim loi sai va doc hieu.